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181.
Interactions Between the Immune System and Cancer: A Brief Review of Non-spatial Mathematical Models
Raluca Eftimie Jonathan L. Bramson David J. D. Earn 《Bulletin of mathematical biology》2011,73(1):2-32
We briefly review spatially homogeneous mechanistic mathematical models describing the interactions between a malignant tumor
and the immune system. We begin with the simplest (single equation) models for tumor growth and proceed to consider greater
immunological detail (and correspondingly more equations) in steps. This approach allows us to clarify the necessity for expanding
the complexity of models in order to capture the biological mechanisms we wish to understand. We conclude by discussing some
unsolved problems in the mathematical modeling of cancer-immune system interactions. 相似文献
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Leonardo Dapporto Alessandro Cini Raluca Vod Vlad Dinc Martin Wiemers Mattia Menchetti Giulia Magini Gerard Talavera Tim Shreeve Simona Bonelli Luca Pietro Casacci Emilio Balletto Stefano Scalercio Roger Vila 《Molecular ecology resources》2019,19(6):1623-1636
Understanding the dynamics of biodiversity, including the spatial distribution of genetic diversity, is critical for predicting responses to environmental changes, as well as for effective conservation measures. This task requires tracking changes in biodiversity at large spatial scales and correlating with species functional traits. We provide three comprehensive resources to understand the determinants for mitochondrial DNA differentiation represented by (a) 15,609 COI sequences and (b) 14 traits belonging to 307 butterfly species occurring in Western‐Central Europe and (c) the first multi‐locus phylogenetic tree of all European butterfly species. By applying phylogenetic regressions we show that mitochondrial DNA spatial differentiation (as measured with GST, G′ST, D and DST) is negatively correlated with species traits determining dispersal capability and colonization ability. Thanks to the high spatial resolution of the COI data, we also provide the first zoogeographic regionalization maps based on intraspecific genetic variation. The overall pattern obtained by averaging the spatial differentiation of all Western‐Central European butterflies shows that the paradigm of long‐term glacial isolation followed by rapid pulses of post‐glacial expansion has been a pervasive phenomenon in European butterflies. The results and the extensive data sets we provide here constitute the basis for genetically‐informed conservation plans for a charismatic group in a continent where flying insects are under alarming decline. 相似文献
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Dialectical Anthropology - The idea of whiteness has been used in the Anglo-American, middle-class, liberal settings to denote an essential group appurtenance on phenotypical and cultural terms and... 相似文献
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Using temporary emigration to inform movement behaviour of cave‐dwelling invertebrates: a case study of a cave harvestman species 下载免费PDF全文
Raluca I. Băncilă Roger Pradel Rémi Choquet Rodica Plăiaşu Olivier Gimenez 《Ecological Entomology》2018,43(5):551-559
1. Understanding of animal movement behaviour is critical for developing appropriate conservation strategies because of its profound implications for predicting species' responses to perturbations. To date there is a substantial knowledge gap of the movement behaviour of subterranean invertebrates. 2. In this study temporary emigration (TE), the probability that an individual is absent from the cave on a given sampling occasion, was used as a method to inform on the movement and behaviour of cave‐dwelling invertebrates. Because these animals are difficult to study with traditional tracking techniques, the capture–recapture (CR) modelling framework was used to assess TE and to account for imperfect detectability and unobservable states. 3. Specifically, the influence of season, sex, and surface weather variables on the TE of the facultative cave‐dwelling harvestman species, Paranemastoma sillii sillii (Herman, 1871), was investigated. Multistate CR models were used while accounting for individual heterogeneity on 999 individually marked adults of two populations inhabiting two caves, located in southwestern Romania. 4. Harvestmen demonstrated clear heterogeneity and seasonality in TE. Findings showed that the TE of harvestmen exhibited variation between caves and there was little support for surface weather variables influencing TE and for sex‐specific TE patterns. 5. These results show that the study of TE patterns is useful to gain valuable insights into movement and intrinsic behavioural processes of cave‐dwelling harvestmen. The method could potentially be used for other invertebrate groups with similar movement characteristics and when traditional tracking techniques are difficult. 相似文献
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Dinu Stefan Hosni Popotte Andreea Raluca Stefan Audrey Tesniere Aurélie Tomaszewski Paul Lesueur Jean-Louis Habrand Laurence Verneuil 《Reports of Practical Oncology and Radiotherapy》2016,21(1):76-80
A 56-year-old man with BRAFV600E melanoma and spinal metastases treated with vemurafenib and stereotactic radiation showed a partial response without neurological, skin or mucosal toxicity, 8 months after completion of this combination. This case suggests that stereotactic radiation spares normal tissues and might be safer than conventional fractionated radiation with vemurafenib. 相似文献